The following topics are immediate sub-topics of Phonology.
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Term: Allophone
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- Definition: One of a set of noncontrastive realizations of the same phoneme; an actual phonetic segment.
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Term: Alternation
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- Definition: An alternation is simply a difference between two (or more) phonetic forms that you might otherwise expect to be related.
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Term: Basic Allophone
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- Definition: The allophone of a phoneme that is used when none of the change-inducing conditions are fulfilled. Of a set of allophones, it is generally least limited in where it can occur; also termed the else...
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Term: Complementary Distribution
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- Definition: Sounds in complementary distribution are considered to be allophones of the same phoneme.
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Term: Conditioning Environment
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- Definition: Neighboring sounds of a given sound that cause it to undergo a change.
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Term: Contrastive
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- Definition: A term used to describe two sounds that can be used to differentiate words in a language.
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Term: Contrastive Distribution
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- Definition: Contrastive distribution is a case in which two sounds occur in the same phonetic environment, and sing one rather the other changes the meaning of the word.
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Term: Distribution
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- Definition: The set of phonetic environments in which a sound occurs.
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Term: Free Variation
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- Definition: Term used to refer to two sounds that occur in overlapping environments but cause no distinction in the meaning of their respective words.
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Term: Implicational Law
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- Definition: Observation about language universals that takes the form of an implication (e.g. if A then B, meaning that if a language has feature A, then we can expect it to have feature B).